美国大规模枪击事件暴力项目数据简介
由于历史原因，美国形成了根深蒂固的枪支文化，美国枪击案爆发频率极高，枪支暴力事件远超世界上其他发达国家。美国人拥有约2.65亿支枪，每位成年人都有超过1支枪，平均每10天有9天是枪击日。美国的枪支拥有率、涉枪凶杀率、大规模枪击事件数量均居世界第一，2022年是有记录以来美国连续第三年发生超过600起大规模枪击事件，枪支暴力导致超过8万人死伤。枪支暴力已经成为一种“美国疾病”。
该网站建立了美国大规模枪击事件暴力项目数据的展示区及数据索引，便于学者浏览。本数据包含1966年以来的美国大规模枪击事件暴力项目信息，含详细的枪击事件信息、枪支信息、受害者信息、社区信息、趋势信息，为相关研究助力。
如果您使用该数据库，请注明 "暴力计划大规模枪手数据库 "或 "暴力计划大规模枪手数据库"，并注明数据来源自 https://www.theviolenceproject.org。
时间区间
1966-2023.7
表格说明
| Worksheet | Title | Description | 参考释义 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Worksheet 1 | Table of Contents | - | 目录 |
| Worksheet 2 | Frequently Asked Questions - READ THIS FIRST | Terms of usage, mass shooting definition, description of data sources and methods | 常见问题 - 请先阅读 使用条款、大规模枪击定义、数据来源和方法说明 |
| Worksheet 3 | New in Each Version | List of database updates from Version 1 (November 2019) to Version 7 (current) | 各版本新增内容 从第 1 版（2019 年 11 月）到第 7 版（当前）的数据库更新列表 |
| Worksheet 4 | Codebook | Variable codes and definitions | 代码手册 变量代码和定义 |
| Worksheet 5 | Full Database | 194 mass shooters from 1966 to 2023 coded on over 150 variables | 完整数据库 1966 年至 2023 年期间的 194 名大规模枪击案凶手的 150 多个变量编码 |
| Worksheet 6 | Firearms Data | Information on all firearms used in mass shootings in the database since 1966 | 枪支数据 1966 年以来数据库中所有大规模枪击案中使用的枪支信息 |
| Worksheet 7 | Victims Data | Information on all victims killed in mass shootings in the database since 1966 | 受害者数据 1966 年以来数据库中所有在大规模枪击案中丧生的受害者信息 |
| Worksheet 8 | Community Data | Community-level data for over 100 mass shootings since 1995 | 社区数据 1995 年以来 100 多起大规模枪击事件的社区级数据 |
| Worksheet 9 | Trend Data | Analysis of the frequency and deadliness of mass shootings over time and per capita | 趋势数据 大规模枪击事件的频率和致命性随时间和人均而变化的分析 |
字段展示
样本数据
枪击事件信息表
枪支信息表
受害者信息表
社区信息表
趋势信息表
| Year | U.S. Population (Census) | Total U.S. Murders (FBI UCR) | U.S. Murder Rate per Million | Mass Shootings (Incidents) | Mass Shooting Rate Per Million | Year-on-Year % Change (Incidents) | Mass Shooting 3 Year Average (Incidents) | Mass Shooting 5 Year Average (Incidents) | Mass Shooting 10 Year Average (Incidents) | Mass Shooting Deaths (Total) | Deaths per Mass Shooting (Mean) | Mass Shooting Death Rate per Million | Mass Shooting 3 Year Average (Deaths) | Mass Shooting 5 Year Average (Deaths) | Mass Shooting 10 Year Average (Deaths) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1966 | 196,560,338 | 11,040 | 56.16595958 | 2 | 0.010174993 | 20 | 10 | 0.101749927 | |||||||
| 1967 | 198,712,056 | 12,240 | 61.59666528 | 1 | 0.005032407 | -50% | 6 | 6 | 0.030194444 | ||||||
| 1968 | 200,706,052 | 13,800 | 68.75726896 | 1 | 0.004982411 | 0% | 1.333333333 | 7 | 7 | 0.034876876 | 11 | ||||
| 1969 | 202,676,946 | 14,760 | 72.82525364 | 1 | 0.00493396 | 0% | 1 | 4 | 4 | 0.019735841 | 5.666666667 | ||||
| 1970 | 205,052,174 | 16,000 | 78.02892156 | 1 | 0.004876808 | 0% | 1 | 1.2 | 4 | 4 | 0.01950723 | 5 | 8.2 | ||
| 1971 | 207,660,677 | 17,780 | 85.62044705 | 0 | 0 | -100% | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 5.25 | ||||
| 1972 | 209,896,021 | 18,670 | 88.94880385 | 2 | 0.009528527 | 200% | 1.5 | 1.25 | 10 | 5 | 0.047642637 | 7 | 6.25 | ||
| 1973 | 211,908,788 | 19,640 | 92.68138516 | 1 | 0.004719011 | -50% | 1.5 | 1.25 | 7 | 7 | 0.03303308 | 8.5 | 6.25 | ||
| 1974 | 213,853,928 | 20,710 | 96.84180316 | 0 | 0 | -50% | 1.5 | 1.333333333 | 0 | 8.5 | 7 | ||||
| 1975 | 215,973,199 | 20,510 | 94.9654869 | 1 | 0.004630204 | 100% | 1 | 1.333333333 | 1.25 | 5 | 5 | 0.023151021 | 6 | 7.333333333 | 7.875 |
| 1976 | 218,035,164 | 18,780 | 86.13289552 | 1 | 0.004586416 | 0% | 1 | 1.25 | 1.125 | 7 | 7 | 0.032104913 | 6 | 7.25 | 6.25 |
| 1977 | 220,239,425 | 19,120 | 86.81461096 | 3 | 0.013621539 | 200% | 1.666666667 | 1.5 | 1.375 | 17 | 5.666666667 | 0.077188723 | 9.666666667 | 9 | 7.625 |
| 1978 | 222,584,545 | 19,560 | 87.87672118 | 1 | 0.004492675 | -66.67% | 1.666666667 | 1.5 | 1.375 | 5 | 5 | 0.022463375 | 9.666666667 | 8.5 | 7.375 |
| 1979 | 225,055,487 | 21,460 | 95.35426257 | 0 | 0 | -100% | 2 | 1.5 | 1.428571429 | 0 | 11 | 8.5 | 7.857142857 | ||
| 1980 | 227,224,681 | 23,040 | 101.3974358 | 3 | 0.013202791 | 300% | 2 | 2 | 1.714285714 | 14 | 4.666666667 | 0.061613025 | 9.5 | 10.75 | 9.285714286 |
| 1981 | 229,465,714 | 22,520 | 98.14102337 | 2 | 0.008715899 | -33.33% | 2.5 | 2.25 | 1.75 | 9 | 4.5 | 0.039221546 | 11.5 | 11.25 | 9.25 |
| 1982 | 231,664,458 | 21,010 | 90.69151212 | 3 | 0.012949764 | 50% | 2.666666667 | 2.25 | 1.875 | 18 | 6 | 0.077698582 | 13.66666667 | 11.5 | 10.25 |
| 1983 | 233,791,994 | 19,310 | 82.59478723 | 3 | 0.012831919 | 33.33% | 2.666666667 | 2.75 | 2.125 | 16 | 5.333333333 | 0.068436903 | 14.33333333 | 14.25 | 11.375 |
| 1984 | 235,824,902 | 18,690 | 79.25371681 | 4 | 0.016961737 | 0% | 3.333333333 | 3 | 2.333333333 | 40 | 10 | 0.169617372 | 24.66666667 | 19.4 | 14.55555556 |
| 1985 | 237,923,795 | 18,980 | 79.77344174 | 1 | 0.004203026 | -75% | 2.666666667 | 2.6 | 2.333333333 | 4 | 4 | 0.016812106 | 20 | 17.4 | 14.44444444 |
| 1986 | 240,132,887 | 20,613 | 85.83997077 | 1 | 0.004164361 | 0% | 2 | 2.4 | 2.333333333 | 14 | 14 | 0.058301052 | 19.33333333 | 18.4 | 15.22222222 |
| 1987 | 242,288,918 | 20,096 | 82.94229949 | 1 | 0.004127304 | 0% | 1 | 2 | 2.111111111 | 6 | 6 | 0.024763823 | 8 | 16 | 14 |
| 1988 | 244,498,982 | 20,680 | 84.58112926 | 3 | 0.01226999 | 200% | 1.666666667 | 2 | 2.333333333 | 15 | 5 | 0.061349949 | 11.66666667 | 15.8 | 15.11111111 |
| 1989 | 246,819,230 | 21,500 | 87.10828569 | 2 | 0.008103096 | -33.33% | 2 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 14 | 7 | 0.056721674 | 11.66666667 | 10.6 | 15 |
| 1990 | 249,464,396 | 23,440 | 93.9613042 | 1 | 0.004008588 | -50% | 2 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 11 | 11 | 0.044094469 | 13.33333333 | 12 | 14.7 |
| 1991 | 252,153,092 | 24,700 | 97.95636375 | 5 | 0.019829223 | 400% | 2.666666667 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 40 | 8 | 0.158633787 | 21.66666667 | 17.2 | 17.8 |
| 1992 | 255,029,699 | 23,760 | 93.1656199 | 4 | 0.015684448 | -20% | 3.333333333 | 3 | 2.5 | 18 | 4.5 | 0.070580015 | 23 | 19.6 | 17.8 |
| 1993 | 257,782,608 | 24,530 | 95.1576997 | 6 | 0.023275426 | 50% | 5 | 3.6 | 2.8 | 30 | 5 | 0.11637713 | 29.33333333 | 22.6 | 19.2 |
| 1994 | 260,327,021 | 23,330 | 89.61805006 | 2 | 0.007682645 | -66.67% | 4 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 9 | 4.5 | 0.034571901 | 19 | 21.6 | 16.1 |
| 1995 | 262,803,276 | 21,610 | 82.22880753 | 3 | 0.011415383 | 50% | 3.666666667 | 4 | 2.8 | 14 | 4.666666667 | 0.053271786 | 17.66666667 | 22.2 | 17.1 |
| 1996 | 265,228,572 | 19,650 | 74.08704067 | 2 | 0.007540666 | -33.33% | 2.333333333 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 10 | 5 | 0.037703329 | 11 | 16.2 | 16.7 |
| 1997 | 267,783,607 | 18,208 | 67.99520032 | 4 | 0.014937434 | 100% | 3 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 16 | 4 | 0.059749737 | 13.33333333 | 15.8 | 17.7 |
| 1998 | 270,248,003 | 16,914 | 62.58695647 | 3 | 0.011100915 | -25% | 3 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 13 | 4.333333333 | 0.048103963 | 13 | 12.4 | 17.5 |
| 1999 | 272,690,813 | 15,522 | 56.9216096 | 7 | 0.025670098 | 133.33% | 4.666666667 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 52 | 7.428571429 | 0.19069216 | 27 | 21 | 21.3 |
| 2000 | 281,421,906 | 15,586 | 55.38303759 | 3 | 0.010660151 | -57.14% | 4.333333333 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 17 | 5.666666667 | 0.060407522 | 27.33333333 | 21.6 | 21.9 |
| 2001 | 285,317,559 | 16,037 | 56.20754662 | 4 | 0.014019467 | 33.33% | 4.666666667 | 4.2 | 3.8 | 17 | 4.25 | 0.059582733 | 28.66666667 | 23 | 19.6 |
| 2002 | 287,973,924 | 16,229 | 56.35579699 | 1 | 0.003472537 | -75% | 2.666666667 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 4 | 4 | 0.013890147 | 12.66666667 | 20.6 | 18.2 |
| 2003 | 290,788,976 | 16,528 | 56.83846832 | 4 | 0.01375568 | 300% | 3 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 20 | 5 | 0.068778398 | 13.66666667 | 22 | 17.2 |
| 2004 | 293,656,842 | 16,148 | 54.98935387 | 3 | 0.010216006 | -25% | 2.666666667 | 3 | 3.4 | 16 | 5.333333333 | 0.054485364 | 13.33333333 | 14.8 | 17.9 |
| 2005 | 296,507,061 | 16,740 | 56.45734015 | 4 | 0.013490404 | 33.33% | 3.666666667 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 24 | 6 | 0.080942423 | 20 | 16.2 | 18.9 |
| 2006 | 299,398,484 | 17,030 | 56.88071553 | 4 | 0.013360121 | 0% | 3.666666667 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 23 | 5.75 | 0.076820696 | 21 | 17.4 | 20.2 |
| 2007 | 301,621,157 | 16,929 | 56.12669936 | 4 | 0.013261669 | 0% | 4 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 49 | 12.25 | 0.162455447 | 32 | 26.4 | 23.5 |
| 2008 | 304,059,724 | 16,442 | 54.07490273 | 5 | 0.016444138 | 25% | 4.333333333 | 4 | 3.9 | 26 | 5.2 | 0.085509517 | 32.66666667 | 27.6 | 24.8 |
| 2009 | 307,006,550 | 15,399 | 50.15853896 | 5 | 0.016286297 | 0% | 4.666666667 | 4.4 | 3.7 | 42 | 8.4 | 0.136804899 | 39 | 32.8 | 23.8 |
| 2010 | 309,330,219 | 14,772 | 47.75479113 | 5 | 0.016163956 | 0% | 5 | 4.6 | 3.9 | 25 | 5 | 0.080819779 | 31 | 33 | 24.6 |
| 2011 | 311,580,009 | 14,661 | 47.05372481 | 4 | 0.012837794 | -20% | 4.666666667 | 4.6 | 3.9 | 25 | 6.25 | 0.080236213 | 30.66666667 | 33.4 | 25.4 |
参考文献
- Sanyal, Avik, Impact of Mass Shootings on Mental Health Policy (March 2, 2023). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4381983 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4381983
- Balasubramaniam, Vimal, Lifespan Expectations and Financial Decisions: Evidence from Mass Shootings and Natural Disaster Experiences (March 5, 2021). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3289627 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3289627
数据更新频率
不定时更新